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br Conclusion There have been multiple clinical trials
2023-02-20
Conclusion There have been multiple clinical trials and pre-clinical studies that have tested the utility of 5ARIs in treating prostate disease, as summarized in Fig. 1. Inhibiting androgen action through the use of finasteride and dutasteride has been established as a valuable resource for physi
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The skin permeability barrier is important for
2023-02-20
The skin permeability barrier is important for the prevention of loss of water and electrolytes from inside the body and for protection against the invasion of external pathogens, allergens, and harmful compounds. Multi-layered lipids, called lipid lamellae, are present in the outermost cell layer o
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br Materials and methods br
2023-02-20
Materials and methods Results and discussion During recent years, recombinant ASK1 has been obtained by expensive baculovirus-insect cell blasticidin mg systems [20], [27]. In the present study, we constructed recombinant ASK1 and expressed in active form at high level in E. coli. Human ASK1
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br Apelin The APJ receptor ligand
2023-02-20
Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino GSK 0660 residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fragments of various size
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Obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation re
2023-02-20
Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade gli1 resulting from increased M1 macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, which can subsequently lead to the development of insulin resistance. Previously, we reported that LFE and FSB both reduced body weight gain in high fat diet-induced obese mice
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In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effec
2023-02-20
In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 tcY-NH2 is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activity. A large body o
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br Conclusions and perspectives In view of the evidences sup
2023-02-20
Conclusions and perspectives In view of the evidences supporting that ZD 9379 MAS receptors mediate the effects of AT1 antagonists (Iwai et al., 2012, Ohshima et al., 2014, Pernomian et al., 2015, Schuchard et al., 2015), the prime targets from the perspectives on future directions in the interp
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Evidence from basic science studies suggests that
2023-02-20
Evidence from basic science studies suggests that Cd may play a role in prostate cancer through disruption of the androgen receptor (AR). AR, a hormone-activated transcription factor, is the key driver of prostate cancer progression [6]. Ironically, the AR is also required for normal prostate growth
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Linagliptin is a recently approved
2023-02-20
Linagliptin is a recently approved dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and widely considered as first-line treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 is responsible for the inactivation of incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is released by the intestine aft
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br Conflict of interest br Introduction
2023-02-20
Conflict of interest Introduction The Piezo proteins, Piezo1/FAM38A and Piezo2/FAM38B, are multi-pass transmembrane proteins that have been identified as mechanically-activated (MA) homomultimeric, pore-forming ion channels [1,2]. Piezo1 is broadly expressed with its highest expression in blad
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Pregnane X receptor PXR is a
2023-02-20
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in regulation of metabolism and disposition of structurally diverse xenobiotics as well as endogenous steroids and bile acids (Bertilsson et al., 1998, Kliewer et al., 1998, Lehmann et al., 1998). PXR regulates the metaboli
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br Adenosine and tumor microenvironment In the majority
2023-02-17
Adenosine and tumor microenvironment In the majority of carcinogenic processes a proinflammatory state is generated [36], [37]. In addition, a tumor hypoxic environment is generally due to inadequate perfusion of oxygen to the tumor [38]. Immunomodulators are molecules that regulate the immune r
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From an historical perspective ligands for GPCRs adrenaline
2023-02-13
From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, l-ascorbic acid or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous ligands
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br Results br Discussion Although the value of
2023-02-13
Results Discussion Although the value of ID specialists in the USA has already been described in the literature, this study suggests that the same holds true for the Japanese healthcare environment [7], [17], [18], [19]. Valerio et al. reported that antifungal use in DDD decreased from 66.4 pe
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Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promisin
2023-02-13
Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promising method for the assessment of corneal neovascularization. This relatively new modality is not yet widely used in part because of current limitations in the definition of images produced, lack of functional information, and inability to det
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