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all trans retinoic acid Plasma apelin levels predict the maj
2025-01-09
Plasma apelin levels predict the major cardiovascular event after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and adverse events are higher in patients with lower plasma apelin levels [75]. Apelin and its receptor are markedly upregulated in the he
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Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP is the inhibit
2025-01-09
Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP-1 is the inhibition of interactions between AP-1 and Smad proteins, which synergize to activate the TGF-β1-responsive genes involved in hypertrophic growth of the heart muscle and in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Through preventing AP-1 activation
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In light of several reports of defects in memory
2025-01-09
In light of several reports of defects in memory-related tasks for the dysbindin-deficient mice (Cox et al., 2009, Takao et al., 2008), it was rather unexpected that an enhancement of CA3–CA1 LTP was observed in our investigation as well as in another independent study (T.T. Tang et al., 2009). The
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The functional significance of the cap residues with regard
2025-01-09
The functional significance of the cap residues with regard to the established role of PfA-M1 in hemoglobin catabolism in the food vacuole is a key question that is difficult to address with in vitro studies. We note that three of the dipeptide substrates used in our study are found in the sequences
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br Methods br Results br Discussion Chronic
2025-01-08
Methods Results Discussion Chronic stress renders individuals vulnerable to diseases, and this effect might be, at least partially, mediated by stress hormone-induced immunosuppression. Therefore, investigating the effects of catecholamines on immune kras-pdeδ pathway is of high relevance.
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Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the mai
2025-01-08
Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the maintenance of hepatic lipid metabolism. Adiponectin overexpression prevents accumulation of triglycerides or the deleterious lipid metabolites diacylglycerols or ceramides [5,8]. Direct manipulation of adiponectin expression demonstrates a po
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br Endoplasmic reticulum protein ERp binds to AdipoR
2025-01-08
Endoplasmic reticulum protein 46 (ERp46) binds to AdipoR1 in HeLa cells ERp46 is localized in the ER and is suggested to act as a chaperone. About 20% of endogenous ERp46 are found at the plasma membrane suggesting that this protein may have additional functions. ERp46 interacts with l arginine b
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Neural progenitor cells NPCs are
2025-01-08
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that are capable of differentiating into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. NPCs are activated in response to a variety of pathological states in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis,
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Introduction Mammalian cells express the
2025-01-08
Introduction Mammalian vandetanib express the seven STAT family members STAT1, −2, −3, −4, −5A, −5B, and −6 [1], [2]. All STATs exert physiologically important roles as homo- and heterodimers [2], [3], [4]. Cytokines and growth factors activate STATs through the activation of kinases that phosphor
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Thus one possible target for CRPC treatment is
2025-01-08
Thus one possible target for CRPC treatment is the enzyme 17,20-lyase, which plays a crucial role in androgen biosynthesis. This is because inhibition of 17,20-lyase would be expected to decrease serum androgen levels secreted not only by the testes but also by the adrenal glands.7, 8, 9 In recent
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Recent studies demonstrated FoxO a enhances the protective f
2025-01-08
Recent studies demonstrated FoxO3a enhances the protective functions of autophagy in response to environmental stress , . FoxO3a coordinately activates autophagy by binding directly to the promoters of autophagy-related genes, including LC3, Gabarapl1, Beclin1, and Atg12 in atrophied skeletal muscle
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br Concluding remarks It is clear that
2025-01-08
Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l-arginine homeostasis by changes in arginase, NOS and ADMA activity and expression, is not only vital in the chronic airway diseases, BTZ043 Racemate mg and COPD, but also seems to play an important role in many co-morbidities. Unknown, however,
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br Introduction Alcohol i e ethanol is absorbed into
2025-01-07
Introduction Alcohol, i.e., ethanol, is absorbed into the blood from the stomach to the small intestine, then distributed throughout the body. The metabolism of alcohol converting to acetic acetylcholine receptors basically involves two enzymes; alcohol dehydrogenase converting ethanol to acetal
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It is well known that TCDD is the most potent
2025-01-07
It is well-known that TCDD is the most potent ligand of AhR and it regulates gene expression, such as CYP1A1, via activation of AhR (Mimura and Fujii-Kuriyama, 2003). Besides Tomblin et al. (2016) have recently shown that TCDD via AhR regulated L-type amino Fluorescent protein labeling transporter 1
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br Conclusion br Conflict of
2025-01-07
Conclusion Conflict of Interest Author Contributions Acknowledgements This work was supported by a research grant (SR/50/AS-14/2012) from the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India to CMC and CSIR Senior Research Fellowship (09/013(0339)/2010-EMR-I) to SB. Introduction
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