• To date no studies have demonstrated any effect of obesity

  2022-10-12

  

  To date, no studies have demonstrated any effect of obesity or inflammation on GPR109A expression in adipose tissue. Our findings demonstrate that HFD-induced obesity decreases adipose tissue GPR109A gene expression. Contradictory to our findings in adipose tissue in vivo, Digby et al. report that e

• In mice iNKT cells are most frequent among

  2022-10-12

  

  In mice, iNKT cells are most frequent (20–30%) among liver T lymphocytes, while they only constitute 0.4–1% of the total T cells in thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, and intraepithelial lymphocytes. In humans, iNKT cells constitute approximately only a 0.1–0.2% of the peripheral blood T lymph

• br Genetic rescue of GluR A

  2022-10-12

  

  Genetic rescue of GluR-A-dependent spatial working memory Spatial working memory performance in GluR-A−/− mice can be restored by the forebrain-specific 64c of GluR-A subunits labeled with green-fluorescent protein (GFP) on an otherwise GluR-A knockout background (Schmitt et al., 2005). This gene

• br Origin of the vertebrate

  2022-10-12

  

  Origin of the vertebrate hexokinase gene family Multiple hexokinases have been found in vertebrates, plants and yeast (Wilson, 1995, Cárdenas et al., 1998). A hexokinase in both vertebrates and yeast has, unfortunately, been named glucokinase. The sharing of the name glucokinase has suggested to

• G quadruplex structures can be resolved by helicases Consist

  2022-10-11

  

  G-quadruplex structures can be resolved by helicases. Consistently, many helicases are aberrantly expressed in cancer 5-BrdU sale [47]. In this study, we correlated HOXC10 expression with that of all helicases using a microarray dataset derived from 759 breast cancer patients [36] and discovered th

• 4EGI-1 receptor The G protein coupled receptor GPR also call

  2022-10-11

  

  The G protein-coupled receptor, GPR40 (also called FFAR1) responds to medium and long chain unsaturated fatty acids, resulting in increase of insulin secretion during elevated glucose levels. The glucose dependency of insulin secretion makes this receptor a very good target for developing therapies

• Over the last decade intense efforts have

  2022-10-10

  

  Over the last decade, intense efforts have been devoted toward identifying IN inhibitors as potential drugs against HIV. Raltegravir and elvitegravir are integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) that have been approved for therapy and dolutegravir is another INSTI that is currently in advanced

• br Drugs approved or in development To date three

  2022-10-10

  

  Drugs approved or in development To date, three drugs: RAL (MK-0518), EVG (GS-9137) and DTG (GSK1349572) [104], have been approved by the FDA. Their structures are shown in Fig. 5. DTG is under development by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), and studies have shown DTG to be effective in patients with resis

• Over recent decades there were three breakthroughs

  2022-10-10

  

  Over recent decades, there were three breakthroughs of high intensity heavy-ion acceleration [6]. The first is the invention of radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) type accelerator, which could accelerate more than dozens of milli-ampere ion beams and is a good solution to space-charge-effect of heavy-

• Tumor specific CD cytolytic T lymphocytes CTLs recognizing t

  2022-10-10

  

  Tumor-specific CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognizing tumor antigenic peptide/major histocompatibility complexes-I (pMHC-I) presented on tumor cells play an important role in antitumor immunity [12]. However, immune tolerance including central (natural) or peripheral (acquired) tolerance be

• Differentiation to either Th or

  2022-10-10

  

  Differentiation to either Th1 or Th2 smoothened is significantly influenced by the relative expression of T-bet and GATA-3, respectively (Zhu et al., 2006, Jenner et al., 2009). T-bet acts as a key regulator of Th1 cell fate determination and directly activates IFN-γ and suppresses IL-4 (Szabo et al

• Introduction The hypoglossal nucleus is the nucleus of the

  2022-10-10

  

  Introduction The hypoglossal nucleus is the nucleus of the twelfth cranial nerve and is located on both sides of the mid line in the dorsal medulla oblongata and is situated between the proximal end of the medullary central canal and the beginning of the fourth ventricle (Tomasch and Etemadi, 1962)

• It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver

  2022-10-09

  

  It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver, in which a signal is produced and relayed to the SCR 7 via vagal nerves [8], [36], [37]. The concept that the liver is the primary target site was supported by the studies reporting that the glucagon receptor is localized in the liver but n

• GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by

  2022-10-09

  

  GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by its dose and route of administration, where central or peripheral administration of GHRL at low doses increases feed intake, via acting on orexigenic hypothalamic neurons, and decreases appetite at high doses in chickens (Jonaidi et al., 2012), quails (Shoush

• The F P concentration reported for

  2022-10-08

  

  The F6-P concentration reported for a resting rabbit muscle [20] reduced the KAapp for aldolase–FBPase complex more than 50 times compared to KAapp for aldolase–FBPase in the absence of effectors (Fig. 1b and Table 1). A standard assay for determination of FBPase activity in a complex with aldolase

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