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Introduction Since the recognition of AIDS in more than
2021-03-31
Introduction Since the recognition of AIDS in 1981 more than thirty-five years ago, nearly 70 million individuals have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and roughly half have died (http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2016/AIDS-by-the-numbers). Although the introd
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Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine
2021-03-31
Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine are mediated by the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways (Di Chiara, 2000, Di Chiara et al., 2004). The nigrostriatal pathway originates in the dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra and terminates in the putamen and nucleus caudatus which
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In previous works Wang et al
2021-03-31
In previous works (Wang et al. [4,5]), the PR-CPA EoS has been applied to describe the solubilities of hydrocarbons (including methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, benzene, toluene, and ethyl-benzene) and mercaptans (including methyl mercaptan and ethyl mercaptan) in aqueous MDEA
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Building applications by selecting and integrating component
2021-03-31
Building applications by selecting and integrating components is known in software engineering as COTS-based development. Nowadays, this approach is recognized as a crucial success factor for the software industry (Ahuja, 2014). The advantages of using COTS components include minimizing the overall
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Due to its several industrial
2021-03-31
Due to its several industrial applications, the recombinant production of collagen and all its derivatives as gelatins has been pursued for many years in different biological systems as mammalian leukotriene receptor antagonists (Toman et al., 1999), tobacco plants (Ruggiero et al., 2000), silkworm
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No effect on the A production
2021-03-31
No effect on the Aβ production by γ-secretase was observed at 50μM, the highest effective concentration used in cultured e1 ubiquitin by the study of Flajolet et al. IC261 did also not exert a modulatory effect on the production of Aβ, Aβ and Aβ species in the cell-free assay at this concentration.
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As the primary model we selected LDL receptor knockout mice
2021-03-31
As the primary model we selected LDL-receptor knockout mice because these resemble the human plasma lipoprotein profile more closely. Currently, genetic models with reduced milk cholesterol content, which mimic cholesterol-free formula feeding, are unavailable. Thus, instead of modifying milk choles
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br Acknowledgments Denise Fernandes acknowledges
2021-03-31
Acknowledgments Denise Fernandes acknowledges a postdoc fellowship (SFRH/BPD/34289/2006) from the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Portugal. This work was supported by the Spanish National Plan for Research (Project Ref. CGL2011-24
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In summary EP signaling modulates heteromeric
2021-03-31
In summary, EP1 signaling modulates heteromeric kainate receptors at multiple steps, both sensitizing mice to kainate-evoked status epilepticus and, separately, exacerbating the downstream consequences of status epilepticus. These results, together with those of Serrano et al. (2011) and Jiang et al
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Vildagliptin australia In the present study we investigated
2021-03-31
In the present study, we investigated the role of EP1R after ICH and its mechanism of action. We hypothesized that EP1R activation aggravates ICH injury but that its blockade reduces injury through the Src kinases and the MMP-9 signaling pathway. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of s
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Enolases are among the most abundantly expressed cytosolic
2021-03-31
Enolases are among the most abundantly expressed cytosolic proteins. They are metalloenzymes that catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate [18]. Eubacteria and archaebacteria have a single enolase gene (reviewed in [19]). Despite the lack of signal peptides or cognate pro
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br Funding This work was partly supported
2021-03-31
Funding This work was partly supported by the grant ‘Maria Grazia Cuccoli’ from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Bologna. Declarations of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The main strategy of oncolytic viral therapy is based on the fact that naturally occurring or engineered virus
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br Signaling of DDR receptor
2021-03-31
Signaling of DDR2 receptor and its regulation Being the tyrosine kinase receptor, downstream signaling of DDR2 receptor is initiated by phosphorylation of cytoplasmic tyrosine residue upon ligand binding (Type II collagen) but the authentic facts or detail information of tyrosine phosphorylation
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In principle in vitro techniques for assessing enzyme induct
2021-03-31
In principle, in vitro techniques for assessing enzyme induction might include the use of cultured hepatocytes, precision-cut liver slices, immortalized PSB 0777 ammonium salt sale lines (such as those derived from hepatomas) and reporter gene constructs (where appropriate cells are transfected wit
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Some natural products such as curcumin
2021-03-31
Some natural products, such as curcumin, resveratrol, and sulforaphane, are known to activate Nrf2 in both in vivo and in vitro experimental models where Nrf2-mediated gene Aminophylline australia plays a crucial protective role [8]. Under basal conditions, Nrf2 binds to Kelch-like ECH-associated pr
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