• br Discussion The use of carp primary cell cultures

  2020-04-10

  

  Discussion The use of carp primary cell cultures proved to be a valuable approach to evaluate the piscine immune response. A. hydrophila was a more potent stimulator of NO formation by carp leukocytes compared to commercial LPS often used for leukocyte stimulation (Mustafa and Olson, 1998, Chao e

• When a hour delay period was implemented for the

  2020-04-10

  

  When a 6-hour delay integrin signaling pathway was implemented for the WRAM, neither of the E2-treated groups (E2-only and E2 + Levo) differed in WMC errors between the postdelay trials and the baseline trials. This suggests that exogenous E2 treatment protected from a delay-induced impairment in p

• br Ubiquitylation of the TGF BMP pathway components Ubiquity

  2020-04-10

  

  Ubiquitylation of the TGFβ/BMP pathway components Ubiquitylation is a reversible post-translational modification that is essential in many cellular regulatory mechanisms [20], [21]. During the ubiquitylation cascade, ubiquitin is attached to target proteins through the concerted actions of an E1-

• br In addition to the

  2020-04-10

  

  In addition to the classic nuclear genomic action, estrogens have been found to induce rapid effects occurring within minutes following administration. These effects are mediated through a subpopulation of estrogen receptors associated with the plasma membrane, a process usually termed “membrane-i

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The

  2020-04-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The oestrogen agonist properties and androgen antagonist activities of parabens have been well documented by a variety of in vitro and in vivo assay systems over the past decade (Chen et al., 2007, Darbre and Harvey, 2008, Golden et al., 2005). To th

• Confirmation of the presence of

  2020-04-09

  

  Confirmation of the presence of H+-PPase genes in the genomes of the different protists tested was obtained by Southern blot analyses using the PCR-amplified DNA fragments as probes (Fig. 3). In the trypanosomatids L. major and T. cruzi and the euglenoid A. longa, a single band appeared in the filte

• This review focuses on the

  2020-04-09

  

  This review focuses on the atomic basis of CRM1-mediated nuclear export. There are now 27 crystal structures of CRM1 in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) (www.rcsb.org) [64]. Collectively, this large body of work explains various aspects of CRM1 function. Here we summarize the structure–function studies t

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgments MIN cells were

  2020-04-09

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments MIN6 cells were kindly provided by Dr. Junichi Miyazaki, Osaka University. This research was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JP16H05099 and JP18H04609 to K.H., and JP16H06574 to T.U.), SENTAN

• Following DEX exposure the levels of CYP A protein

  2020-04-09

  

  Following DEX exposure, the levels of CYP1A1 protein and activity remained unchanged, as seen in our previous in vitro study (Burkina et al., 2013). Dasmahapatra and Lee (1993) reported that 3.9μgL−1 DEX, similar to our highest tested concentration, did not change CYP1A1 protein content. An increase

• To determine whether the same concentration of humic acid ca

  2020-04-09

  

  To determine whether the same concentration of humic Digoxigenin-11-UTP causes changes in PCR efficiency, we performed another experiment in which the humic acid was added to the PCR mix after bisulfite conversion. All samples that were amplified in the presence of humic acid (thick lines) show a de

• In order to derive a better understanding of

  2020-04-09

  

  In order to derive a better understanding of the results from our SAR study, we utilized Glide to model the binding of the SAR compounds with the non-active site pocket of TS-DHFR shown in C. The majority of models position the phenolic moiety of these compounds within the non-active site pocket, wh

• It has previously been shown that human melanocytes are resp

  2020-04-09

  

  It has previously been shown that human melanocytes are responsive to a multiplicity of hormonal triggers [10], particularly to pituitary or ovarian hormones [11]. Studies concerning the effects of src kinase inhibitor on human melanocytes led to inconsistent data [12], [13]. Im et al. [14] reporte

• br Introduction Hematopoietic stem cells

  2020-04-09

  

  Introduction Hematopoietic stem plx4032 and leukemic stem cells (HSCs and LSCs, respectively) both have a capacity of self-renewal. Whereas HSCs give rise to all blood lineages during lifetime hematopoiesis, LSCs are responsible for the initiation and propagation of leukemia, as well as drug res

• br Funding This work was

  2020-04-09

  

  Funding This work was partly supported by the grant ‘Maria Grazia Cuccoli’ from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Bologna. Declarations of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The main strategy of oncolytic viral therapy is based on the fact that naturally occurring or engineered virus

• The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is an

  2020-04-09

  

  The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important farmed fish with an XX/XY sex-determining system. The availability of the whole genome sequence of tilapia and tissue transcriptomes (Brawand et al., 2014), together with its gonadal transcriptomes at different developmental stages (Tao et al.

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