• The large body of structural knowledge that is currently ava

  2019-10-23

  

  The large body of structural knowledge that is currently available for CRM1 has contributed to atomic level and mechanistic understanding of many steps in the CRM1 nuclear export cycle. However, structural analysis could still inform on several outstanding questions and guide future discoveries pert

• Cx platin could improve the level of

  2019-10-23

  

  Cx-platin could improve the level of cellular uptake and DNA platination, hence triggering distinct DNA damage repair pathways. The data (Fig. 3B, C and D) demonstrated that Cx-platin could increase the foci number of γH2AX in cancer cells, preventing the efficient DSBs repair. This gives a good exp

• The instructive precedent for galectin phosphorylation is hu

  2019-10-23

  

  The instructive precedent for galectin phosphorylation is human galectin-3 (hGal-3). Its serine modification by protein kinase CK1 in the N-terminal tail is relevant for nuclear export during the course of apoptosis regulation and contact formation with the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 , , , . T

• As demonstrated by Mak and

  2019-10-23

  

  As demonstrated by Mak and colleagues, ERβ is known to be a part of the NFκB-HIF-1α signaling pathway during hypoxia as well as chronic inflammation of prostate (Mak et al., 2015), therefore in the next part of the study, we evaluated whether ZEA-induced ROS production is also associated with NFκB-H

• Our present results support a

  2019-10-23

  

  Our present results support a major role of EP1 receptors in peripheral heat sensitization and a smaller contribution to central heat sensitization but no contribution to mechanical sensitization. While the contribution of peripheral EP1 receptors to heat hyperalgesia is in good agreement with the a

• A cocktail approach can detect the activities of

  2019-10-23

  

  A cocktail approach can detect the activities of multiple CYP 450 isoforms following administration of multiple CYP-specific substrates in a single experiment. Caffeine, losartan, omeprazole, dextromethorphan and midazolam are often used as substrates in “cocktail probes” of human cytochrome CYP1A2,

• Ubiquitin activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by

  2019-10-23

  

  Ubiquitin-activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three-step process with ATP as a cofactor (Chen et al., 2011, Haas and Rose, 1982, Haas et al., 1982). We demonstrated that ATP is required for mRFP-Ub–E1 formation under non-reducing conditions (Fig. 2A). A time course of radioactive ATP producti

• br Results and Discussion br Conclusions Understanding the c

  2019-10-23

  

  Results and Discussion Conclusions Understanding the connections between function and fitness is a primary goal of many biological disciplines including systems biology and molecular evolution. While sound approaches have been developed to understand the connections between function and fitnes

• Conventional aromatic radiofluorination via nucleophilic sub

  2019-10-22

  

  Conventional aromatic radiofluorination via nucleophilic substitution requires electron-withdrawing activating group(s) at the ortho or para position to achieve good radiolabeling yield. In the case of CJ-042794 (), the phenoxy substitution para to the fluoro group is considered an electro-donating

• Although both DNA DSBs and DNA PK activity increase

  2019-10-22

  

  Although both DNA DSBs and DNA-PK activity increase with aging in skeletal muscle (Figure 1), we cannot conclude that aging-associated increase in DNA-PK activity is solely mediated by chromosomal breaks, as DNA-PK is also activated independently of chromosomal breaks by ROS (Li et al., 2014), which

• DSBs can be repaired by

  2019-10-22

  

  DSBs can be repaired by two major pathways: canonical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) (Chapman et al., 2012). c-NHEJ comprises two sub-pathways, a resection-independent process and a resection-dependent process, and can rejoin break ends with little or no sequen

• In conclusion as illustrated in Fig G in response to

  2019-10-22

  

  In conclusion, as illustrated in Fig. 5G, in response to MNNG-induced DNA damage, PARP-1 appears to have dual roles in determining the cell fate in response to MNNG: PARP-1 activation is the cause of non-apoptotic cell death via ATP depletion and PARP-1 activation is able to elicit a self-protective

• Our ex vivo analysis demonstrates that IL promotes CD

  2019-10-22

  

  Our ex vivo analysis demonstrates that IL-15 promotes CD122 expression in DGKζ-deficient CD8+ T cells. CD122, which forms a dimer with CD132 in response to IL-2 or IL-15, activates the JAK/STAT and PI3K/mTOR pathways. Whereas antigen-stimulated 4 methylumbelliferone sale promote IL-2 sensitivity th

• Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene

  2019-10-22

  

  Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene transfection. PC12 EZLink Sulfo-NHS-SS-Biotin Kit were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. The cDNA for mouse CysLT1 or CysLT2 receptor (mCysLT1 and mCysLT2, subcloned into pcDNA3.0) was ki

• Semantics play an important role in software component

  2019-10-22

  

  Semantics play an important role in software component-based development as they improve components identification, selection and integration through, among others, the use of ontologies (Kaur and Mishra, 2017). Analogously, they allow to improve discovery, composition and reuse in the context of We

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